Hammertoes

What is a hammertoe?

A hammertoe is a bend in one or more of the smaller toes. It often begins as a flexible change and can become more rigid over time. Pressure from shoes may lead to pain, redness, corns, or skin breakdown.

Common symptoms

• A toe that stays bent at one or both joints
• Pain or rubbing in shoes
• Corns on top of the toe or calluses under the forefoot
• Redness, swelling, or burning
• Difficulty finding comfortable shoes

A bent toe may also be related to nerve changes, arthritis, an old injury, or another foot deformity.

Why it happens

A muscle and tendon imbalance can pull the toe out of position. Foot structure, bunions, long toes, tight shoes, and some neurologic conditions can contribute.

How we evaluate a bent toe

We assess whether the toe is flexible or rigid, where pressure occurs, and whether a bunion or forefoot problem is also present. Weight bearing X-rays may be used to evaluate the joints and alignment.

Treatment options

The plan is based on flexibility, pain, skin condition, and shoe needs. Options may include:

• Shoes with a deeper and wider toe area
• Padding or toe sleeves
• Splinting or taping
• Custom orthotics to reduce forefoot pressure
• Care for painful corns or calluses
• Surgery when a rigid or painful deformity continues to limit activity

Over the counter acid corn removers can injure healthy skin and are especially risky for people with diabetes or poor circulation.

When to schedule an appointment

Schedule care when the toe becomes painful, stiff, difficult to fit in shoes, or causes a sore. People with diabetes, numbness, or poor circulation should seek early care for any skin irritation.

Frequently asked questions

Can a hammertoe straighten without treatment?

A flexible toe may be easier to manage, but the structural bend usually does not fully correct on its own.

Do I have to stop wearing regular shoes?

Often a roomier toe box and better fit can reduce rubbing. We can help identify features that match your foot.

When is surgery considered?

Surgery may be discussed when pain, shoe problems, or skin breakdown continue despite appropriate nonsurgical care.

How to prepare for your appointment

Bring the shoes that cause the most trouble and any inserts or braces you use. Be ready to describe which activities are limited and whether the shape or pain has changed over time.

Related care

You may also want to explore custom orthotics, foot deformities, and ball of foot pain.

Foot and ankle care close to home

Signature Foot and Ankle provides personalized care at our Boynton Beach and Loxahatchee offices. Call 561 203 9285 or request an appointment online.